In a subsample of apes, we also compared consistency in hand use for simple reaching with previously published data on a task that measures handedness for bimanual actions. There was no significant sex effect on the patterns of handedness. Grasping with the thumb and index finger was more prevalent in the right compared to left hand in all four species. We also found a significant effect of the grip morphology of hand use. Overall, we found a significant right hand bias for reaching. In the initial study, we assessed the influence of grip morphology on hand use for simple reaching in a sample of 564 great apes including 49 orangutans Pongo pygmaeus, 66 gorillas Gorilla gorilla, 354 chimpanzees Pan troglodytes and 95 bonobos Pan paniscus. 11Language Research Center, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USAĪ number of factors have been proposed to influence within and between species variation in handedness in non-human primates.10Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA.9Division of Developmental and Cognitive Neuroscience, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, GA, USA.8Department of Psychology, Franklin and Marshall College, Lancaster, PA, USA.7Smithsonian’s National Zoo, Washington, DC, USA.6The Dian Fossey Gorilla Fund International, Atlanta, GA, USA.5Department of Biology, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA, USA.4Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
3CNRS, Laboratoire d’Éthologie Animale et Humaine EthoS, UMR 6552, Université de Rennes 1, Paimpont, France.2Department of Psychology, Trinity University, San Antonio, TX, USA.1CNRS, Laboratory of Cognitive Psychology, UMR 7290, Brain and Language Research Institute, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France.Mahovetz 4, Scott Milne 5, Tara Stoinski 6, Amanda Bania 7, Elizabeth Lonsdorf 8, Jennifer Schaeffer 9, Jamie Russell 9 and William D. Phillips 2, Amandine Chapelain 3, Lindsay M.
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